SELF

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S.B. Karavashkin and O.N. Karavashkina

As an example of this method to visualise the fields, in Fig. 5 we show the dynamic pattern of scalar potential of dipole, when the length of dipole is equal to a half of wavelength.

Fig. 5. Dynamic pattern of dipole potential distribution with the dipole length equal to a half of wavelength

In this diagram, the sources are positioned in parallel to the axis x, separation into the scalar and vector potentials is absent, because, as we said before, the vector potential results from the transformation of gradient of scalar potential in dynamic fields. None the less, affection of the vector potential on diagram formation is obvious, as it reveals every time when the delay phases appeared. We see in the diagram that radiation consists of two semi-spherical waves propagating from dipole and shifted relatively each other by the phase equal to . These waves join in the normal to the line of dipole charges, in this line the scalar potential is identically zero, and its maximal change is perpendicular to the wave propagation. This factually means that in this line (for the space - on the plane) namely the gradient of scalar potential is perpendicular to the wave propagation, and the strengths of electric and magnetic fields are perpendicular to the propagation as the corollary of the feature of dynamic pattern of scalar potential.

From this immediately follows the conclusion made in [1] that in the transverse wave the curl of gradient of scalar potential is not zero.