SELF

32

S.B. Karavashkin and O.N. Karavashkina

On the nature of red shift of Metagalaxy

Sergey B. Karavashkin and Olga N. Karavashkina

Special Laboratory for Fundamental Elaboration SELF

187 apt., 38 bldg., Prospect Gagarina, 38, Kharkov 61140, Ukraine

Phone: +38 (057) 7370624; e-mail: selftrans@yandex.ru , selflab@mail.ru

Abstract

This paper is devoted to the deepen phenomenological and math-physical analysis of the conventional interpretations of the Hubble law, and on their basis - to the sought of the physically consistent substantiation of the mechanism of metagalactic red shift.

In the course of this analysis we established that the assumption of red shift Doppler nature causes the appearance of immediate connection between the Hubble law and the growing velocities and accelerations of the source and observer from some centre of Metagalaxy, in which the material substance has to be permanently produced. Should it be so, such peculiar region of Metagalaxy would be highlighted, but we observe nothing of that kind. Furthermore, the growing to the periphery acceleration of the galactic scattering contradicts the nature of expansion of such large gravitating mass.

The alternative theory of the quanta ageing also cannot provide the necessary rigour of the red shift substantiation, since, on one hand, it contradicts the postulates of photon hypothesis, and on the other hand, it is unable to substantiate the consistent mechanism of ageing. The mechanism suggested by Atsukovsky (grounded on the viscosity of the aether) does not provide the regularity of the shift of light frequency with the growing distance from the source.

In the course of additional analysis of the properties of interstellar medium, we have revealed the necessary and sufficient conditions of spontaneous radio luminescence excitation at the metastable level of the atom of hydrogen providing the luminescence at the band 21 cm and the 'transit' of exciting radiation with the falling frequency. In this way we substantiated the mechanism of permanent spatial transformation of the flow of high-frequency radiation into the scattered heat energy of the interstellar gas. The revealed mechanism fully corresponds to the regularities of red shift with the light propagation in the interstellar medium, given the anisotropy in the region near the observer. This last is caused by the inhomogeneity of the interstellar gas and weak average of the frequency shift factor in the near to the observer regions of Metagalaxy.

On the basis of the revealed mechanism of spontaneous radio luminescence, we consider the regularity of the frequency of light falling with the distance. It has the exponential pattern fully consistent with the Sleipher- Hubble law, both in linear and most general nonlinear form with the quadratic correction.

One of important corollaries of the presented physical interpretation is the proof that the processes in Metagalaxy are isotropic and the conditions of all processes in time are equal for all galactic structures of Metagalaxy.

Keywords: metagalactic red shift; Doppler effect; ageing of quanta; spontaneous luminescence; optic properties of the interstellar medium.

Classification by MSC 2000: 78A40; 85A25; 85A40.

Classification by PASC 2001: 42.25.Dd; 42.65.Sf; 51.70.+f; 95.30.-k; 95.30.Gv; 95.30.Jx; 95.30.Ky; 98.70.Vc; 98.80.Es.

1. Introduction

Having considered in previous papers [1]- [4] the regularities of EM wave propagation in space, we usually did not pay attention to its interaction with the substance and always premised for it the ideal conditions of homogeneous material space free of charges and currents. Though such conditions can be realised, to a definite extent of accuracy, only at some local region. Out of this region we can observe some interesting effects of large space to which, in particular, the phenomenon of red shift relates. "It was discovered to 1914 (by the spectra of small number of objects) by Sleipher who established the numerical predominance of observed galaxies that revealed red shift over the galaxies in whose spectra the lines are shifted to the violet tip. In 1923, having available more ample material that showed almost exceptionally red shift, Hubble [5] established the approximate regularity of their value with respect to distance" [6, p. 494]. Hubble "has derived the regularity of 'shift' with respect to the distance from the object as

where H₀= 3*10 ^-18 s ^-1 is the Hubble constant" [7, p. 40].

The main peculiarity of 'red shift' is that "the frequencies of all spectral lines, within the limits of accuracy of measurement, were changed in the same relation: /  or  /  are independent of or . So the values of red shift can be measured with the help of one value  z = / . The value of red shift is often measured with the help of velocities v producing the longitudinal Doppler effect equal to the observed red shift. With it, usually the non-relativistic formula

is used, so that "the velocity v can be any, however high. The most measurement to 1961 was z = 0,461" [8, p. 511].