SELF

50

S.B. Karavashkin and O.N. Karavashkina

4. Application of yielded results to the study of galactic and stellar dynamic fields

At present, explaining galactic spiral arms, the scientists usually refer to wave processes observed in nebulae and interstellar clouds. "The stretching of the field along spiral arms of the Galaxy can be explained by the theory of spiral arms origin. It appeared that differentially rotating disk of mutually attracted stars has an analogue of elasticity. Therewith in a quite broad ring, the waves consolidating stars can run in it in the shape of spiral pattern. This spiral pattern of higher density of stellar population in the disk of Galaxy rotates as a solid body, i.e. remaining the shape, to the same direction as the Galaxy, but with smaller than star velocity. So as atoms in the sound wave as stars in the Galaxy disk in their rotation around its centre enter the wave from one side and in some time leave it from another. In other words, the very consolidation consists each moment of different stars, but retains with it its shape" [10, p. 152- 153].

In the solid-body disk we actually can observe such radial waves, but for it we have to apply to the disk a strongly directed excitation, which has, additionally, to be supported by the external periodic excitation. With such diversiform shape, size, conditions of formation and evolution of galaxies, we would hardly find everywhere the same value of constant mechanical excitation. Most probably, should the above theory were true, we would be able to observe the interference on disks and transverse vibrations of disks more often than the formation of spiral arms.

Furthermore, when propagating through the periphery of galaxy, the wave would not curl by a whole revolution around the nucleus, but would only curve due to the delaying peripheral part of the front, and with considerable delay of this part, the arc of wave would only close to itself but not form strong spiral shape.

Stellar motion in the wave propagation also encounters great problems. Should the idea of galaxy as a system of elastically constrained stellar masses be true, we would observe the opposite relative motion of peripheral stars, entering and leaving the galactic arm. When transmitted excitation in the elastic body, all its elementary masses vibrate relatively their points of equilibrium, and only delay of these vibrations creates the pattern of propagating wave. In this connection, should this theory be true, we would observe such vibrations of stars around the equilibrium, superimposed onto the general rotation motion of periphery. But we do not observe it, too. And without opposite motion of particles emanated from the wave-front, no wave-like motion is possible. Nothing to say that multiple photographs of galaxies, some of which we will consider below, show practically absent stellar clusters out of arms. This would be impossible, should star systems of disk vibrate in their orbiting in galaxy. In other words, we would observe essential and regular changes of mutual location of stars in the disk of galaxy, and the denser arms are the clearer would be these changes of distance. But again, this never was observed.

In this part of paper we will draw the Reader's attention to some other physical phenomena, much more completely describing the observed properties of spiral arms of galaxies. Taking them into account, we can even at such large distances from studied celestial objects obtain enough detailed information about processes occurring in them.