SELF

56

S.B. Karavashkin and O.N. Karavashkina

It is the appropriate case to speak a little about black holes whom the scientists are now actively seeking for. Nothing surprising that they connect the closed trajectories of motion of stellar systems in galaxies with the idea of black holes in their centre - this is a simple inertia of mind when analysing the mechanical models. In reality, as we showed above, such motion of stellar substance along the closed trajectory does not need the gravitating mass in the centre of system. Stellar substance as such, due to gravitational interaction between its entities, creates the conditions for substance compaction, and presence of rotation, jointly with arising disbalance of mass centre, forms closed trajectories of motion of galactic substance. With it we naturally can draw the axis of such rotation, but in this axis any body of whatever significant mass will be absent. Just so the scientists seek in these centres without any result something which would be able to provide the attraction, and come to a mind that this is some invisible object. While the possibility of black holes as the centres of attraction is quite doubtful, because of lack of regularities which would provide the formation of such significant gravitational masses in so small regions.

Speaking of possibility of black holes formation, we should first of all take into account that when Schwarzschild and his followers calculated the radius of sphere, beginning with which, the massive body begins continuously compress to a point, they neglected a whole number of basic factors. Should they take them into account, they would never yield such solution.

In particular, if speaking of Schwarzschild's version of derivation, based on the model of liquid sphere, he stated the following conditions to be fulfilled for this problem:

(4) the pressure becomes infinite, negative or imaginary nowhere" [13, p. 319].

With such statement of problem, grounding on the Schwarzschild's metric

(37)

where

(38)

"the further calculation … gives the following expression for pressure:

(39)

[13, p. 318]. "At the same time the conclusion that the solution corresponds to the case of ideal liquid with homogeneous distribution of density relates only to the density T₄⁴ or ₀₀. However …, the condition of unchanged ₀₀ for non-compressed liquid seems to be not fulfilled. We need to yield the solution for which T or ₀ would remain unchanged in the whole liquid sphere; however, there in Schwarzschild's study is not the solution of this problem.

Until the size of sphere was small, this difference does not cause a large divergence; however, for large spheres the pressure in the near of centre is very large, and both solutions can differ much from each other. It is easy to prove that for large spheres, where

(40)

Schwarzschild's solution gives at the central point the negative value for T. So, seemingly, even doing not approaching the boundary

(41)

In any case, I do these marks not without a doubt, as it is difficult to say, how will the real liquid behave in the case when very strongly growing pressure already is not able to bring the particles together more strongly. We have fully clear the issue of nature of gas pressure, as it is determined by the velocity of molecules. On the contrary, in liquid there could arise the Maxwellian electromagnetic tensions, and then the conclusion that ₀ is constant would not be true. On the other hand, besides, some mysterious quantum phenomena could appear, of which we cannot judge at all" [13, p. 319- 320].