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S.B. Karavashkin and O.N. Karavashkina

Basically, we can to a definite extent reconstruct the pattern of processes which preceded the formation of blue ring. In Fig. 31 we just see a balanced compact galaxy whose disk is just at this stage.

a

b

Fig. 31. The galaxy AM 0644-741 (a) and its negative image (b). The image has been copied at  http://heritage.stsci.edu/2004/15/index.html

This galaxy, just as the Hoag galaxy, relates to those ring: "The sparkling blue ring is 150,000 light-years in diameter, making it larger than our entire home galaxy, the Milky Way. The galaxy, catalogued as AM 0644-741, is a member of the class of so-called 'ring' galaxies. It lies 300 million light-years away in the direction of the southern constellation Dorado" [27]. Both galaxies have in their rings exceptionally the second-generation stars, i.e. the stars formed due to the essential thickening of residuals of dust nebula, after formation of first-generation stars composing the nucleus of compact nebula. This feature appears determining for all compact galaxies, the same as in non-compact galaxies old and young stars are usually neighbouring. This last takes place because in non-compact galaxies the nucleus is formed by way of redistribution of star substance within the association of first-generation stars. With it some stars make the nucleus, and another part remains at the periphery and is involved in the arms as they have been formed.

Taking into account this feature of compact galaxies, it is senseless to speak of some catastrophic collisions with which help the scientists try to explain so ideal shape of ring galaxies: "Ring galaxies are an especially striking example of how collisions between galaxies can dramatically change their structure, while also triggering the formation of new stars. They arise from a particular type of collision, in which one galaxy (the 'intruder') plunges directly through the disk of another one (the 'target'). In the case of AM 0644-741, the galaxy that pierced through the ring galaxy is out of the image but visible in larger-field images. The soft spiral galaxy that is visible to the left of the ring galaxy in the image is a coincidental background galaxy that in the same group as the other two, but is not interacting directly with the ring" [27]. Should some galaxy passed through another galaxy, this would not make so impeccable symmetry of the system, but on the contrary, this would disorder them both. The motion of stars and associations would be destroyed in both galaxies, a part of substance would redistribute among these galaxies, their fields would be also destroyed, another part of substance would be thrown away, and nothing to say the galaxies remained compact. We should add, as we said already in [11], the negatively charged envelope of any hot celestial body will prevent its collision with another hot body also having a negatively charged envelope. Thus, in this case we also should withdraw the accusation with "cannibalism" from the galaxy which is not and cannot be seen in this image.

To confirm the said, we see in the image one well formed spiral arm with a very large lead; this evidences a low angular speed of nucleus. Along the entire arm in the negative image we can see the young stars formation, except the region near the nucleus. The tail of this arm gradually closes to itself, and the connection of arm with the nucleus weakens. With time, as the nucleus charge balances, this connection will vanish and the arm will settle along the equipotential lines of Coulombian field. Given the elliptic shape of nucleus, its ring will rather take an elliptic shape, and AM 0644-741 will gain the structure of Hoag's galaxy. Though another version of its evolution also is possible. Since the nucleus of AM 0644-741 is elliptic and its axis of rotation is inclined to the plane of ring, as we saw it in the galaxy NGC 3314 (Fig. 19), the full balance of charge and mass can happen unachievable. This is additionally seen in too stretched ellipse of spiral in whose one focus the nucleus lays. As opposite to it, Hoag's object is a rare case of perfectly balanced galaxy. We can say, it could achieve such shape only by way of separation of spiral in the course of charge balancing during its evolution. Should the charge be balanced from the very youth of this galaxy, it would rather form not a ring but some weak nebula whose density would only grow a little towards the nucleus. In this case, in this shroud of interstellar gas and dust, something like the compaction can form only due to the galactic electron pump described in [11].

To the point, too long ellipse of spiral can tell also that this galaxy travels very fast in the direction of large axis of ellipse; if necessary, this speed can be even estimated. This takes place due to the delay of interaction in full accordance with the pattern of processes leading to the dynamic spiral field formation. If the body moved rectilinearly, the force lines of the field consolidate in the front of body's motion and rarefy behind it. This can lead to the shift of peripheral region in accordance with redistribution of force lines, which can occur even in a fully balanced galaxy. The periphery to transform from elliptic into circular shape, it is necessary, its plane gradually to settle into the plane perpendicular to the direction of galaxy's motion. The natural dynamic field of the nucleus whose plane is perpendicular to the rotation axis will prevent from it. And if this rotation axis did not coincide with the direction of galaxy's motion, there arises a force preventing two planes from superimposing. Possibly, the inclination of the plane of periphery to the rotation axis of nucleus is just caused by the balance of these forces affecting this plane. However, we would like to repeat, all these suppositions need to be carefully studied before we can quite definitely describe these processes.

From the above study we see that, despite different causes of orbital motion of the charge centre, there in the galactic and stellar systems forms the dynamic field similar in its structure to the field of atom. With it the substance flows towards the extremes of this field, thickens and forms gas-dust complexes in which the second-generation stars and star associations form. Of course, the amount of questions related to this subject is much wider than we could touch for visualisation of dynamic field of orbiting charge. Knowing so great effect of spiral fields on the stabilisation of macro- and micro-systems, it will be natural to continue it, refining step by step the conditions of formation and parameters of these fields dependently on the conditions of their formation. But in the limits of present study, we will confine ourselves to the visualisation of these fields and revelation of their part in the stabilisation and evolution of the very wide spectrum of dynamic systems - just what was the aim of our study.