V.4 No 1

57

On orbital stability of oscillators

As we can see from this citation, at that time the scientists well understood, how insecure are the grounds for Schwarzschild's solutions. Undoubtedly, neither star not galactic system can be modelled by a liquid sphere with homogeneously distributed density inside it. The presence of thermonuclear "boilers", the more multilevel, evidences that the density of matter inside the star much grows. With it, if the protostellar cloud compresses too fast, the excess of energy will cause the opposite process by way of supernova. It is well known that such processes are observed in the supernovae. And no less well known are such processes of re-consolidation of galactic substance. In particular, in Fig. 14 we can see such re-consolidation of the nucleus to both sides along the axis of galaxy rotation.

Fig. 14. The galaxy M 82. In the polar regions free of the "cupola" of envelope we can see the circulation of the substance of nucleus. The image has been copied at http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/

In the next Fig. 15 we see the similar process occurring in the galaxy Centaurus towards the upper right and lower left corners of the image. In the lower left corner we can see the most clearly, how the substance flows out of the nucleus to the envelope, but does not leave the galaxy. Like a fountain flow, it returns and forms the periphery of galaxy with the spiral consolidation which reveals already at the early stage of galactic periphery formation.

Fig. 15. "X-ray/Optical/Radio image of Centaurus A. Credit: X-ray (NASA/CXC/M. Karovska et al.); Radio 21-cm image (NRAO/VLA./J. van Gorkom et al.), Radio continuum image (NRAO/VLA/J. Condon et al.); Optical (Digitized Sky Survey U.K. Schmidt Image/STScI)" [14]

The same as in previous image, in this figure we see clear flow out of the galactic nucleus along the axis of rotation. However the researchers try to link this phenomenon namely with some collision, burst either black hole in the centre: "Astronomers believe that the merging of small spiral galaxy with the galaxy Centaurus about a hundred million years ago caused the high-energetic reactive flows of gas and continuing strong activity in the galactic nucleus. Tremendous energy emanated in the collision can have an impact on the following evolution of the galaxy and its neighbours. The mass of central black hole can grow, the gas reservoir for the next generation of stars can be removed, and the space between the galaxies can be enriched with more heavy elements" [14].

At the same time, what black hole can we suppose, if the researchers themselves just told: "Many years ago a giant burst occurred in the near galaxy and plunged it into the chaos. At present, the X-ray laboratory Chandra NASA's is studying the traces of this burst - two huge arcs of hot gas" [14]. In which way "this study can help the astronomers to understand better the cause and effect of strong outbursts nearabout the super-massive black holes in the centres of many so-called 'active' galaxies" [14]? Just the fact that the galactic nucleus throws away the excessive substance evidences that no black hole can take place at its centre, as the principle of matter. If the substance unlimitedly tends to the centre of galaxy, the balance of energy will be crudely violated. This will not only brake the free fall of substance and will make impossible for a body to achieve the Schwarzschild's radius, this will lead the galaxy only to a burst, not to the continued compression of the galaxy (or its central part) to the black hole.

We have to mark here also that when the authors of quoted idea suppose the after-burst chaos in the nucleus of Centaurus A, they are incorrect again. Just the presence of spiral arm which goes from the centre of the image to the upper left corner evidences that in the course of throwing away the excessive mass, the nucleus on the whole has retained its stability and there is no chaos in the nucleus. As opposite to this, should a hundred million years ago two galaxies collided, the field of massive galaxy would be clearly destroyed and we would not observe such well-formed arm. Furthermore, we see in the image only one arm - this evidences that the nucleus even is not bifurcated (we will explain this below).